Meanwhile, the health care system in San Francisco was confronting the emergence of a mysterious and deadly disease, the AIDS virus (HIV). By December 1987, HIV testing became mandatory for all people wanting to immigrate to the United States, including amnesty applicants already here. Institute staff worked with local coalitions to assure that test results were managed in a sensitive, confidential fashion. The Institute procured a grant from Northern California Grantmakers to provide AIDS education and prevention training to staff people of local immigrant and refugee serving organizations.